Proc&Lamda

Proc

• Procs are full-fledged objects, so they have all the powers and abilities of objects. (Blocks do not.)

• Unlike blocks, procs can be called over and over without rewriting them. This prevents you from having to retype the contents of your block every time you need to execute a particular bit of code.

cube = Proc.new{ |x| x ** 3 }

[1, 2, 3].collect!(&cube)
# ==> [1, 8, 27]
[4, 5, 6].map!(&cube)
# ==> [64, 125, 216]

& is used to convert the cube proc into a block

• .call 을 이용해서 proc을 쉽게 호출할 수 있다.

  test = Proc.new { # does something }
  test.call
  # does that something!

• convert symbols to procs using that handy little &

  strings = ["1", "2", "3"]
  nums = strings.map(&:to_i)
  # ==> [1, 2, 3]

Lambda

lambda { |param| block }

lambda { puts "Hello!" } == Proc.new { puts "Hello!" }

proc과 lambda의 차이

1. argument 가 오류가 났을때 proc은 무시하고 nil처리 후 넘어가는데 lambda는 오류가난다.

2. lambda는 call이 되면 다시 마지막 코드로 돌아가는데 proc은 끝난다.

Scope

1. global variables : available everywhere

2. local variables : available certain methods

3. class variables : members of a certain class

4. instance variables : only available to particular instances of a class